Glossary

Every term, defined in plain English.

Probate, LPAs, wills, digital assets and everything else a UK household needs to know.

A

Administrator
The person who deals with an estate when there is no valid will, or no executor able to act.
Advance decision
A legally binding refusal of specific medical treatment, in defined circumstances, made while you have capacity.
Advance statement
A written record of your general wishes and preferences for care, which guides decisions without being legally binding.
Attorney
The person you appoint under a power of attorney to make decisions on your behalf.

B

Beneficiary
Someone who inherits money, property or possessions from an estate.
Bereavement team
The dedicated department at a bank, insurer or other provider that handles an account after a customer dies.

C

Codicil
A legal document that changes part of an existing will rather than replacing it.
Confirmation
The Scottish equivalent of probate, granted by the sheriff court.

D

Death certificate
The official record of a death, issued when the death is registered.
Death Notification Service
A free UK service that lets you tell several banks and building societies about a death in a single online submission.
Deed of variation
A document that changes who inherits from an estate, agreed by the affected beneficiaries after a death.
Digital estate
Everything you own or hold online: accounts, photos, files, subscriptions and digital assets.
Digital executor
The person you nominate to handle your online accounts and digital estate after you die.

E

Estate
Everything a person owns at death, minus everything they owe.
Executor
The person named in a will who is responsible for carrying out its instructions and settling the estate.

G

Grant of probate
The official document confirming an executor’s authority to deal with an estate in England and Wales.
Grant of representation
The umbrella term for the official document confirming someone’s authority to deal with an estate.

I

Inheritance tax
Tax that may be due on an estate valued above the available threshold.
Intestacy
What happens to an estate when someone dies without a valid will.

L

Lasting power of attorney
A legal document letting you appoint someone to make decisions for you if you cannot make them yourself.
Letters of administration
The grant issued to an administrator where there is no will, or no executor able to act.

M

Mental capacity
The ability to understand and make a particular decision at the time it needs to be made.

N

Nil-rate band
The amount of an estate that can pass free of inheritance tax.

P

Probate
The legal process of dealing with the estate of someone who has died, including proving that a will is valid.

R

Residuary estate
What is left of an estate after debts, taxes, expenses and any specific gifts have been paid.

T

Tell Us Once
A government service that reports a death to most government departments in a single step.
Testator
The person who makes a will.
Trustee
Someone who holds and manages assets in a trust for the benefit of others.